Search results for " Public Policy and Public Administration|Social Policy"
showing 10 items of 145 documents
“No periaatteessa minun tiedossani se aika lailla on”: Palveluohjauksen työntekijän tiedollinen asema varhaiskasvatuksen palveluohjauskeskusteluissa
2019
Kunnilla on laissa säädetty velvollisuus antaa huoltajille tietoa erilaisista varhaiskasvatuksen vaihtoehdoista. Tätä tiedottamista kutsutaan palveluohjaukseksi. Tässä artikkelissa tarkastellaan huoltajan ja kunnan palveluohjauksen työntekijän välisiä puhelinkeskusteluja. Palveluohjauskeskusteluja tutkitaan institutionaalisen vuorovaikutuksen näkökulmasta. Institutionaaliselle vuorovaikutukselle on ominaista osallistujien roolien muotoutuminen vuorovaikutuksen edetessä (esim. Drew & Heritage, 1992). Artikkelissa kiinnitämme huomion vuorovaikutukseen osallistujien tiedollisiin suhteisiin hyödyntämällä tietämisen alueen käsitettä (Heritage, 2012). Artikkelissa tutkitaan, miten palveluohja…
Przekształcenia struktur wieku ludności gmin województwa opolskiego wyznacznikiem dla lokalnych polityk społecznych
2018
Obserwowana w ostatnich latach zmiana struktury wieku ludności Polski, a szczególnie województwa opolskiego wykazuje systematyczny wzrost udziału osób starszych przy jednoczesnym spadku udziału ludności w najmłodszych grupach wiekowych, co skutkuje starzeniem się społeczeństwa. Wraz z przekształceniem struktury wieku następują zmiany w strukturze potrzeb ludności. Stąd też na poziomie lokalnym (powiatów i gmin) polityka społeczna w dużej mierze zdeterminowana jest przez przemiany demograficzne, jakie zachodzą na danym obszarze. Szczebel lokalny najbardziej jest predystynowany do zaspokojenia potrzeb w sposób uwzględniający lokalną specyfikę, znajomość struktury potrzeb i możliwości ich zasp…
Current challenges and prospective analysis of the Third Sector of Social Action (TSSA) in Spain
2020
This paper analyses the current conditions and future challenges faced by the Third Sector of Social Action (TSSA) in Spain to consolidate itself as an institutional sphere of sustainable welfare and as a strategic actor in the development of social policies. The empirical basis of this work has been obtained with the use of qualitative methods such as in-depth interviews, focus groups and the mixed method of Delphi. The use of these methods is aimed at interpreting TSSA leaders' discourses, the collective voice of Non-governmental organisations (NGO) managers and representatives, and the opinions of experts on: the nature and past development of the sector. This research was carried out un…
Latvia: Both Sides of the Economic Recovery Success Story
2016
Latvian social policy is close to the neoliberal model of the welfare state based on macroeconomic indicators of low welfare state spending, high income inequality, low minimum wage and low degree of decommodification. Latvia was among the first countries to be stung by the crisis in 2008. Key words became: austerity, fiscal consolidation and structural adjustment measures. A minimum social safety network was introduced to improve targeted social support. Funding from the European Social Fund was instrumental in mitigating unemployment, facilitating a large temporary works programme. Latvia joined the Euro zone in 2014 and is quite successfully returning loans. Such is one side of the succe…
Analysing the Spanish smoke-free legislation of 2006: a new method to quantify its impact using a dynamic model.
2011
Background: There are many models that study aspects of smoking habits: the influence of price, tax, relapse time, and the effects of prohibition. There are also studies examining the effects of the Spanish smoke-free law. We wanted to build a model able to separate the effect of the law from the pre-law evolution of smoking habits. Methods: Using data from the Spanish Ministry of Health and Social Policy, we developed a dynamic model of tobacco use. The model projects the evolution over time of the number of non-smokers, smokers and ex-smokers before 2006. Then, we compared the predictions of the model with data for the years after the law came into force, 2006 and 2009. Results: We show t…
Antecedents of intensified job demands : evidence from Austria
2019
Purpose In order to understand the driving forces behind intensified job demands (IJDs), the purpose of this paper is to examine demographic factors, structural work-related factors, personal and job resources as antecedents of IJDs. Design/methodology/approach The study is based on cross-sectional (n=4,963) and longitudinal (n=2,055) quantitative data sets of Austrian employees. Data sets were analyzed via regression analyses. Findings The results showed that IJDs, as assessed through five sub-dimensions: work intensification, intensified job-related, career-related planning and decision-making demands, intensified demands for skills and for knowledge-related learning, remained fairly sta…
Female knowledge workers and the illusion of working-time autonomy
2017
Purpose The purpose of this paper is to ask: what are the temporal realities of female knowledge workers? It especially focusses on women’s possibilities of using working-time autonomy, and the work and non-work practices that shape their possibility to use work-hour autonomy. In knowledge work, working-time autonomy is usually high, but exercising autonomy is not always possible. The study was carried out in Finland, where full-time work is common also among women, even if they have small children. Design/methodology/approach The data include 19 semi-structured interviews of women who have knowledge-intensive work. The method of analysis is problem-driven content analysis. Findings Female…
Local childcare policy and the changing gender contract
2018
Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the changes in local childcare policy that have taken place between the years 2008 and 2016 in the city of Jyväskylä, Finland, and to study how the local gender contract for women is being reshaped via these transformations in local policy. Design/methodology/approach Case study was applied as a research strategy. Local and national level statistics were used to explore the use of childcare services. Documents regarding the decision-making and administration of childcare in the city were analysed to distinguish the local policy changes during the time period. These documents include city budgets and records from the two municipal boards that …
Relationship between occupational and leisure-time physical activity and the need for recovery after work
2023
Abstract Background Health benefits of physical activity are very well acknowledged but the role of both occupational physical activity (OPA) and leisure time physical activity (LTPA) in recovery after work is not thoroughly understood. The purpose of this study was to investigate the association between accelerometer-measured OPA and LTPA and the need for recovery after work (NFR) in early childhood education and care (ECEC) professionals. Methods The study participants were 217 female ECEC professionals aged 17–64. Physical activity was recorded with a three-axis accelerometer (ActiGraph GT9X Link, ActiGraph, USA) for seven consecutive days. Separate analyses were conducted for both OPA a…
Aging well in the community: Understanding the complexities of older people's dial-a-ride bus journeys
2021
Older peoples' independent living in their own homes and their ability to move around and maintain social relations in their communities have been acknowledged as important aims to support their well-being. In this article, we study Special Transport Services as a means to support older persons with ‘aging in place’ – that is, within their communities. From “go-alongs” (shared dial-a-ride bus journeys) and “sit-down interviews” (at participant's home or a café) with 12 older people living in a Finnish suburb, we explored their everyday dial-a-ride bus trips to the local mall. We used actor-network theory and the concept of motility to show how at first glance what appeared to be simple dial…